Initially very small with just a couple of hundred agents, the Cheka grew rapidly during the turmoil and growing opposition of 1918. Russian (ˈtʃɛka) noun. Its members were called Chekists well into the late 1980s. With this free rein, Cheka agents were able to persecute, detain, torture and summarily execute thousands of suspected spies, tsarists, counter-revolutionaries, kulaks, black marketeers and other ‘enemies of the state’. Increases in anti-Bolshevik activity, the onset of the Civil War, the failed Left SR uprising of July 1918 and the assassination attempt on Lenin the following month saw the ranks of the Cheka grow exponentially. Another example of this public gesturing was Lenin’s famous order to the Penza Cheka to hang at least 100 men, “and make sure that the hanging takes place in full view of the people”. The full name of the Cheka in 1918 was (in Russian) the "All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption". He eventually joined Lenin’s Bolshevik faction in 1906. The Cheka is often described as the ‘Bolshevik secret police’. Cheka rate (Abbreviation) (Formed: 1917; dissolved/reorganized: 1922.) A historian’s view: It hunted down speculators and hoarders, sometimes cordoning off entire neighbourhoods during its massive operations. translation and definition "cheka", Swahili-English Dictionary online. The Cheka was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. The Cheka now outdid itself in cruelty by setting up forced labour camps entirely under its control. It was created on 20 December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin.Its first leader was Polish aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky.. History. It was to be the “sword and shield of the revolution”, defending the new regime against its enemies within. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. CHEKA acronym or abbreviation means: C: Meaning of C in CHEKA. Definition funny of Cheka: In the Soviet Union, the state secret-police organization (1917–22), succeeded by the GPU. According to Louise Bryant,  Dzerzhinsky adored Lenin and was “shy, aloof and deeply puritanical” – but he was also ruthless and dispassionate, hardened by years of abuse and persecution. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. 5 years ago | 39 views. The first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations, created in 1917. In Kiev, they affixed a cage with rats to the victim’s torso and heated it so that the enraged rats ate their way through the victim’s guts in an effort to escape. The decree forming the Cheka was broadly worded and contained few specific instructions about how it should operate. checa translation in Spanish - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'checar',chueca',Ceca',chechear', examples, definition, conjugation He was a most unlikely radical – yet by the mid-1890s, Dzerzhinsky was involved in Marxist political groups in the Baltic. Playing next. The Cheka [1] was the first Soviet state security organization. Written records of these methods were not kept so they are anecdotally based and possibly prone to exaggeration or falsification. What are synonyms for Cheka? It was created on 20 December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin. What is the meaning/definition of the acronym CHEKA? This site is created and maintained by Alpha History. Its first leader was Polish aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. By the end of the Civil War the Cheka had become a powerful force. A small force of just a few hundred men in early 1918, within two years the Cheka was one of the largest Soviet agencies, employing around 200,000 people. The Cheka is sometimes referred to as the Bolshevik ‘secret police’, though most Russians were well aware of its existence and activities. Publically gives the Cheka the right to deal with 'enemy agents, profiteers, marauders, hooligans, counter rev agitators and German spies' without going through the courtds.--> One day later 'saboteurs and other parasites is added' whom the Chekha should 'shoot on the spot' At the point of the Feb 21st 1918 document did would Cheka agents have an exact idea of who they were to target? 4. How do you use Cheka in a sentence? It is not willing to take care of some subtle themes and … Given a virtual blank cheque, Dzerzhinsky ordered the recruitment of thousands of new agents. The name ‘Cheka’ was an abbreviated form of Chrezvychainaia Komissiia, the Russian for ‘Extraordinary Commission’. For example, President Vladimir Putin has been referred to in the Russian media as a "chekist" due to his career in the KGB. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. Chekists operated as investigators, arresting authorities, interrogators, prosecutors, judges, juries and executioners. Dzerzhinsky neither denied nor retreated from the Cheka’s brutal role, declaring that “we stand for organised terror, terror being absolutely indispensable in the current revolutionary conditions”. In Armavir, they crushed their skulls by tightening a leather strap with an iron bolt around their head. This infuriated Dzerzhinsky, who queried how it was possible for him to “crush counter-revolution with legal niceties”. (pronoun) Date published: August 10, 2019 All this was purposely done: to show Russians that the CHEKA was everywhere and dealt swiftly with those who betrayed or opposed the Bolshevik regime. Cheka agents operated on their own accord, carrying out arrests, detention and executions. As opposition to the Bolshevik regime grew through 1918, so did the size and power of the Cheka. This Russian Revolution site contains articles, sources and perspectives on events in Russia between 1891 and 1927. The Cheka (sometimes called VeCheka) was the much-feared Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity. In the lead up to the October Revolution, he became one of Lenin’s most trusted lieutenants. Early Buddhist texts and modern translations. The Cheka routinely used extra-legal violence and torture. See more. Chekist; Translations More significantly, the Cheka operated outside the rule of law. Cheka M. Hier finden Sie Imformationen über die Bedeutung und den Ursprung des afrikanischen Baby-Namens Cheka. Cheka (ЧК – чрезвыча́йная коми́ссия chrezvychaynaya komissiya, Emergency Committee, Roushie pronunciation: ) wis the first o a succession o Soviet state security organisations. cheka . It acted of its own accord, investigated and arrested whoever it chose and answered to no one. In Odessa, they chained their victims to planks and pushed them slowly into a furnace or a tank of boiling water. It surrounded villages and short peasants resisting the forced requisitions of grain, often leaving the peasants who remained alive without enough to eat. The Cheka became a model for 20th century secret police agencies in totalitarian states, including the Gestapo (Nazi Germany), the Stasi (East Germany) and the KGB (Soviet Russia). Juni 2020 um 20:41 Uhr bearbeitet. Official figures have of course disappeared, but a conservative estimate states that between 1917 and 1923 at least 200,000 ‘dissidents’ were shot by the Cheka in labour camps, while another 300,000 died in the suppression of working-class movements, strikes and mutinies. Russian history. The astonishing understanding of individuals, avoiding long conversations also undermines these. Among the targets of the Cheka were Russian nationalists who objected strongly… Cheka definition in English dictionary, Cheka meaning, synonyms, see also 'Chekiang',ChE',cheap',cheat'. In 1918, the Cheka came into conflict with the Commissariat of Justice, which demanded to be notified before the arrest of suspects. They used these to extract information or occasionally to create a public deterrent. Cheka Secret Police synonyms, Cheka Secret Police pronunciation, Cheka Secret Police translation, English dictionary definition of Cheka Secret Police. On receiving the decree, Dzerzhinsky began recruiting Cheka agents. This page was last changed on 19 January 2021, at 21:09. The Cheka’s directive was to “persecute and break up all acts of counter-revolution and sabotage all over Russia, no matter what their origin”, to “bring before the Revolutionary Tribunal all counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs and to work out a plan for fighting them”, and to “make preliminary investigation only, enough to break up [counter-revolutionary acts]”. Browse more videos. It was active in assuring the food supply, in maintaining transport, in policing the Red Army and Navy, in monitoring the schools, and in ensuring that industries continued to function and deliver essential material to the state. For more information on usage, please refer to our Terms of Use. Does it refer to individual members of the Cheka? This was sometimes done publicly, in order to provide a deterrent to those who might oppose the regime. He also organised Cheka paramilitary units. According to historian Edward Peters, some of the torture methods employed by the CHEKA included beating, burning, branding and scalping. In 1918, CHEKA agents appeared in the audience of a Moscow circus and began shooting after one of its clowns, Bim Bom, made fun of the Bolsheviks and their leaders. Cheka definition is - secret police (as in a Communist-dominated country) having virtually unrestrained power over life and death. His ruthlessness and fanaticism came to rival that of Lenin. In doing so, driven by revolutionary fervour and unrestrained by law, by 1922 the Cheka had penetrated virtually every area of life in Soviet Russia. Collins English Dictionary. 'chad kha dgon), Kloster in Tibet; Ntabo Ntambui Cheka, Milizenführer im Kongo; Cheka (Cajuata), Ortschaft im Municipio Cajuata, Bolivien; Dies ist eine Begriffsklärungsseite zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben Wort bezeichneter Begriffe. Each local Cheka had its own speciality. Follow. Some historians suggest that 200,000 or more are more realistic figures. The Cheka was formed in the wake of the October 1917 revolution, as a small agency to investigate and deal with threats to the new regime. Title: “The Cheka” Plural Chekas can be found in Google Books. In 1921 the troops of the Cheka numbered 200,000. Citation information Garb Slang. History definition is - tale, story. A member of Cheka was called a "chekist" throughout the Soviet period, despite various official name changes. URL: https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/cheka/ The existence and activities of the CHEKA were widely known and many of its operations were conducted openly and publicly. Dezember 1917 gegründete Staatssicherheit Sowjetrusslands, auf deren Tradition sich die politische Polizei der Ende 1922 gegründeten Sowjetunion berief. It wis creatit on December 20, 1917, efter a decree issued bi Vladimir Lenin, an wis subsequently led bi Felix Dzerzhinsky, a Pols aristocrat turned communist. The Cheka was not accountable to judges or courts and there was no legal oversight of its operations. Cheka definition by Urban Dictionary. Cookies help us deliver our services. It was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. [2], By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. Cheka translation in English-Swedish dictionary. What is the definition of Cheka? Cheka bezeichnet: Cheka-Kloster (tib. The Cheka grows. By the autumn of 1918, these units numbered 33 battalions and more than 20,000 men. After 1922, Cheka groups underwent many reorganizations, as did the NKVD. Any promotional content will be deleted. The first Communist-government secret-police organization. 2. In the Soviet Union, the state secret-police organization (1917–22), succeeded by the GPU. Date accessed: January 22, 2021 The Cheka is sometimes referred to as the Bolshevik ‘secret police’, though most Russians were well aware of its existence and activities. Michael Kort. Some Cheka killings were carried out more for public effect than any political purpose. Official government figures suggest that just over 12,000 people were killed by Chekists in 1918-20. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. Its first leader was Felix Dzerzhinsky. In 1918 its name was changed, becoming "All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteer… became politically radicalized after his older brother was executed in 1887 for plotting to assassinate Czar Alexander III The Cheka (sometimes called VeCheka) was the much-feared Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity. The Cheka became the embodiment of Dzerzhinsky’s ruthlessness. History. Born in Poland in 1877, Dzerzhinsky’s family were wealthy landed gentry with claims to a noble title. Word:* Part of speech: Definition:* Sample sentence: All definitions are approved by humans before publishing. 1. Enrich your vocabulary with the English Definition dictionary From that point, the Cheka was never restricted by the rule of law or any obligation to due process or the rights of suspects. At first, the Cheka was small and its operations were limited. The Tsaritsyn Cheka sawed its victims’ bones in half. Search Results for CHEKA Meaning of CHEKA by its letters. Bedeutung von Cheka: Bedeutung unbekannt: Cheka Ursprung: afrikanisch: Cheka in Wiki Encyclopedia: Wikipedia: Google: Suche Cheka bei Google : Barcode-Generator: Ähnliche Namen wie Cheka Cherethims Chepe … The Cheka (a forerunner of the notorious KGB), or political police, was formed in December 1917 to protect communist power. As the Bolsheviks expanded their definition of who was an enemy of the revolution, they also expanded the Cheka. Atlas » Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps. ( ˈtʃɛka) n. (Historical Terms) Russian history the secret police set up in 1917 by the Bolshevik government: reorganized in the Soviet Union in Dec 1922 as the GPU. Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1907-1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1917, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1918-1924, Russian Revolution memory quiz – revolutionaries, Russian Revolution memory quiz – tsarists, Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (I), Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (II), Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1906 to 1913, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1914 to 1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events to 1905. Many thousands of dissidents, deserters, or other people were arrested, tortured or executed by Cheka groups. Link to this page: Add or improve a definition. Lenin subsequently altered Soviet regulations so that the Cheka was required to notify the Commissariat of an arrest or execution after after it had happened, rather than before. Welche Bedeutung hat der Name Cheka und welcher Herkunft ist er? Cheka. Suttas (sutras) from the Tipitaka (Tripitaka) in Pali, Chinese, Sanskrit, and Tibetan with the Buddha's teachings on … The name of the agency was originally "The All-Russian Emergency Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage"(Russian: Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия по борьбе с контрреволюцией и саботажем; Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya po bor'bye s kontrrevolyutsiyei i sabotazhem), but was often shortened to "Cheka" or "VCheka". Dzerzhinsky’s incorruptible fanaticism and hard-heartedness earned him the epithets ‘Iron Felix’ and the ‘Iron Count’. Though Cheka agents had no standard uniform, many wore long leather coats and could be easily identified. Within two years it had more than 100,000 employees. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in various cities, at multiple levels including: oblast, guberniya, raion, … Dzerzhinksy had devoted his life to the Bolshevik cause. [6] The term is still found in use in Russia today. Report. Authors: Jennifer Llewellyn, Michael McConnell, Steve Thompson What does cheka mean? Another 600 bureaucrats were executed for “economic crimes”, mostly taking bribes. It contains 179,175 words in 288 pages and was updated on October 10th 2020. Cheka was the first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations. How to use history in a sentence. Like most significant aspects of the new regime, the Cheka began with a decree from Vladimir Lenin and the Sovnarkom, dated December 19th 1917. 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