Leg muscle. All these muscles are innervated by cervical spinal nerves, and most of these muscles act primarily to move and stabilize the head. Foot muscle. Insertion: posterior side of greater tubercle of humerus. Origin: anterior surface of lower (distal) humerus. Thigh muscle. Insertion: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage. An antagonist is a classification used to describe a muscle that acts in opposition to the specific movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.. Antagonistic pairs. Action: medially rotates arm. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Antagonist+muscle. Synonym: antagonist muscle See: PNF Stretching Techniques. I'm Mickey, 21. Learn more. Action: abducts hand, flexes wrist. A muscle with several tendons of origin and several tendons of insertion, in which fibers pass obliquely from a tendon of origin to a tendon of insertion on each side. Insertion: ciliary process of lens. Superficial: latissimus dorsi and trapezius muscles. Insertion: common tendon of quadratus muscles, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament. Origin: lower costal margin. Forearm muscle. antagonistic muscle synonyms, antagonistic muscle pronunciation, antagonistic muscle translation, English dictionary definition of antagonistic muscle. When activated by an internal release of calcium, the filaments use the energy in ATP to crawl along each other in opposite directions. The movement of agonist/antagonist muscle groups is coordinated by the central and peripheral nervous system. Action: flexes thigh. I am a 30 year old woman and am pregnant. Skeletal muscle fibers that contract slowly and that cannot propagate an action potential along their cell membranes. A flat muscle with a broad origin and narrow insertion. muscular antagonist synonyms, muscular antagonist pronunciation, muscular antagonist translation, English dictionary definition of muscular antagonist. Dorsal: dorsal interosseous, extensor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior muscles. Arm muscle. Action: extends leg. The lateral or the posterior cricoarytenoid -- laryngeal muscles. Insertion: common tendon of quadratus muscles, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament. Almost all skeletal muscle in humans is twitch muscle. Origin: ventricular wall. Insertion: hyoid bone, mylohyoid raphe. The abdominal muscles are made up of the cremaster, external abdominal oblique, iliacus, psoas major, pyramidalis, quadratus lumborum, rectus abdominis, and transversus abdominis muscles. Muscles that pull against gravity to maintain normal posture. Nerve: femoral (L2-L4). The muscles outside an organ that control its position, such as the EM of the eye or tongue. Origin: mylohyoid line of mandible. Action: anchor leaflets of valves during heart contractions. Nerve: facial (CN VII) Action: closes eyelids, lifts cheeks, compresses lacrimal sac. … Origin: back surface of pubis. n ANTAGONIST (a) * * * a muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle (the agonistic muscle). Nerve: inferior gluteal (L5-S2). Cricothyroid, genioglossus, geniohyoid, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, pharyngeal constrictor, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and thyrohyoid muscles. Origin: occipital bone (superior nuchal line), nuchal ligament, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12. Nerve: radial (C7-C8). Origin: medial two-thirds of infraspinatus fossa of scapula. One who opposes and contends against another; an adversary. Learn more. antagonistic muscle. Six muscles that attach outside the eyeball and that move the eye in its socket. (05 Mar 2000) Lexicographical Neighbors of Antagonistic Muscles Insertion: ventral tongue, hyoid bone. Neck muscle. Skeletal muscle cells contract more forcefully than smooth or cardiac muscle cells. The tensor tympani and stapedius muscles. The antagonist muscle is quiescent because its stretch reflex threshold (λ ANT,1) corresponds to a much longer muscle length than that at α. Mouth: buccinator, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, mentalis, orbicularis oris, risorius, and zygomaticus muscle. Forearm muscle. Troponin activated by the calcium displaces tropomyosin, which prevents myosin bridges from binding with actin fibrils. Any of several muscles arising from the ribs or vertebrae by separate slips. Facial muscle. Nerve: trigeminal (CN V). Nerve: trigeminal (CN V). Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur. Origin: epicranial (scalp) aponeurosis. Insertion: medial side of proximal tibia. Origin: cricoid cartilage. Nerve: dorsal scapular (C4-C5). Nerve: oculomotor (CN III). Shoulder muscles -- the infraspinatus, subscapularis, supraspinatus, and teres minor muscles -- which hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula. Nerve: radial (C6-C8). Origin: lateral side of proximal tibia. Origin: pterygomandibular raphe and alveolar processes of jaws. See: A tissue composed of muscle cells that contain loosely-organized actin and myosin filaments. Extraocular muscle. Insertion: distal end of radius. What can I do to build muscle and develop immunity? Define muscular antagonist. Origin: inguinal ligament and pubic tubercle. This preview shows page 10 - 13 out of 26 pages.. Action: flexes distal finger joints, aids in wrist flexion. Nerves: dorsal rami of the spinal nerves. Insertion: anterior half of iliac crest, rectus sheath, inguinal ligament. Action: turns eye medially. A drug or other chemical substance capable of reducing the physiological activity of another chemical substance; refers especially to a drug that opposes the action of a drug or other chemical substance on the nervous system by combining with and blocking the nerve receptor. Nerve: deep peroneal (S1-S2). Sometimes, agonist muscles can function to slow or stop a movement. Origin: tendinous ring around optic nerve at rear of orbit. Action: changes tension of vocal cords. Nerve: sciatic (L5-S2). Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus. Action: flexes big toe, plantarflexes foot. Nerve: spinal L5-S2. Ear: anterior, posterior, and superior auricular muscles. Called also antagonist The sarcomere is the unit of contraction and the banding visible over its surface results from the longitudal filaments which make up the myofibril being of two types, thick (dark) and thin (light). Insertion: coronoid process, lower half of ramus, and angle of mandible. Front half of occipitofrontalis muscle – a facial muscle. Extraocular muscle. Shoulder muscle. Nerve, hand: median (C8-T1), ulnar (C8-T1). These consist of an extensor muscle, which "opens" the joint (i.e. Origin: iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine. Nerve: accessory (CN XI), spinal C3-C4. Three adjacent vertical bands of deep back muscles -- the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis muscles. Forearm muscle. antagonistic muscle one that counteracts the action of another (the agonistic muscle). Laryngeal muscle. 2. Skeletal muscles contract to act on each joint that it crosses. Lateral rectus muscle, one of the extraocular muscles. Action: pronates forearm. Deepest layer: interspinalis, intertransverse, multifidus, rotatores, semispinalis, and spinalis capitis. Action: inflates lungs. Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, posterior of proximal humerus, posterior of distal humerus. Origin: sphenoid bone deep in medial side of orbit. An antagonist's muscle is one that has the exact opposite function. Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of big toe. One of the various neck muscles that surround the vertebral column and base of the skull and which are contained in the prevertebral cylinder of deep cervical fascia. A type of tissue composed of contractile cells. Synonym: Muscle of mastication. A muscle whose fibers converge on only one side of a tendon. Eyelid muscle. Noun 1. antagonistic muscle - a muscle that opposes the action of another; "the biceps and triceps are antagonistic muscles" muscle, musculus - … Foot muscle. Neck and back muscle. Antagonists and agonists are key players in the chemistry of the human body and in pharmacology. antagonist definition: 1. a person who is strongly opposed to something or someone: 2. a muscle that performs the…. Contraction of this muscle prevents urination; relaxation permits it. Action: abducts thumb, aides in opposition with digit 5. Action: lowers mandible and raises hyoid bone. In pharmacology the term agonist-antagonist or mixed agonist/antagonist is used to refer to a drug which under some conditions behaves as an agonist (a substance that fully activates the receptor that it binds to) while under other conditions, behaves as an antagonist (a substance that binds to a receptor but does not activate and can block the activity of other agonists). Origin: midline of inner surface of thyroid cartilage. Nerve: lumbar L1-L3. Action: adducts hand, flexes wrist. Action: extends toes. The abductor or flexor muscle of the thumb. Leg muscle. Nerves: cervical spinal C4-C8. In the muscle tissue, the cardiac muscle cells are connected in branching networks. Q. Nerve: hypoglossal (CN XII). Thigh muscle. ... which provide opposite antagonistic actions to the muscles of the upper back. A muscle that supports a body segment so muscles attached to it can function. Actions: raises ribs 1-2, bends neck ipsilaterally. Insertion: tibial tuberosity (via the patellar ligament). Chest wall muscle. Thigh muscle. Thin muscles that insert into the skin of the face; all are innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII). Action: tenses and compresses abdomen, flexes and laterally rotates spine, lowers rib cage. Laryngeal muscle. 3. Nerve: long thoracic (C5-C7). Middle ear muscle. Antagonists play two important roles in muscle function: (1) they maintain body or limb position, such as holding the arm out or standing erect; and (2) they control rapid movement, as in shadow boxing without landing a punch or the ability to check the motion of a limb. The oblique or the transverse arytenoid -- laryngeal muscles. Antagonistic muscle: Related Topics. A muscle that on contraction draws a part away from the median plane of the body or the axial line of an extremity. Action: dorsiflexes big toe. Chest muscle. Nerve: recurrent laryngeal of vagus (CN X). A muscle with three tendons of origin and a single, common insertion. Action: rotates arm laterally. Nerve: facial (CN VII). Nerve: median (C7-C8). The supply of ATP comes from MITOCHONDRIA between the fibrils. The motor cortex in the right hemisphere controls movements on the left side of the body and the one on the left controls the right. Insertions: extensor tendons of digits 2-5. Action: elevates hyoid and larynx, lowers jaw. Origin: medial supraspinous fossa of scapula. It depresses the epiglottis. The outer layer of muscles between the ribs, originating on the lower margin of each rib and inserted on the upper margin of the next rib. Nerve: radial (C7-C8). The lateral or the medial pterygoid muscle. Origin: crest and symphysis of pubis. Shoulder muscle. Insertion: proximal phalanx of thumb and medial sesamoid bone. Changes in λ ANT , for example to λ ANT,2 , are formally associated with changes in both r -command and c -command. Cardiac muscle is innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic motor axons. Back muscle. Action: flex the straightened digits (specifically, flex the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints while extending the interphalangeal joints). Nerve: oculomotor (CN III). https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Antagonist+(muscle). That which opposes or resists the action of another; noting certain muscles, drugs, etc., which tend to neutralize or impede the action or effect of other muscles, etc. Action: abducts digit 5. Origin: medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages 4-6. Origins: transverse processes of vertebrae C1-C7. Insertion: joins other levator ani muscles forming a bowl shaped diaphragm, encircles anal canal, and attaches to sacrum and coccyx. Origin: wall of auditory tube. Nerve: spinal T7-T12. Nerve: tibial (L4-L5). A contractile organ of the body which produces movements of the various parts or organs. Nerve: facial (CN VII). Agonist: Biceps femoris Antagonist: Rectus femoris The biceps femoris is a muscle within the hamstrings whose function is extension of the hip, and flexion of the knee. Origin: ischial tuberosity, linea aspera and second supracondylar ridge of femur. Skeletal muscle got its name because it usually attaches at one end to bone. Action: allows lens to become more curved to focus on near objects. Nerve: axillary (C5-C6). Anterior: iliopsoas, quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medius), and sartorius muscles. The thick filaments are composed of the protein MYOSIN and the thin filaments of ACTIN. An antagonist muscle, just like the antagonist in a novel, works opposite to the main character, which in this case is the agonist muscle that undertakes the main action of movement. Origin: lateral two-thirds of fibula. Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, upper three-fourths of fibula. 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