Ø In Pinus, the hypodermis sclerenchymatous. It bears a nua Der of spirally arranged microsporophylls or stamens. A) ... the terminal portion of microsporophyll of male cone is called . It has world wide in distribution. Functional megaspore (embryo sac) increases in size. The smaller cell again divides to form two small. Given the link between the proportion of mesophyll tissue and total chloroplast number per needle, this is an important finding, suggesting that the higher photosynthetic rate was likely to result from a larger area of mesophyll tissue. Its radicle is present towards the micropylar end. These supply water and minerals to mesophyll tissue upto margins so that the mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis. The other degenerates. These become ready for pollination during the following spring. Leaf: Pinus has two types of leaves: scale leaves and foliage leaves. Root lairs may be present or absent. Three archegonia are produced towards the micropylar end. Ø Many layered palisade tissue present. Mesophyll Tissue: Mesophyll tissue makes up the majority of the leaves of plants. Its nucleus is called tube nucleus. The mucilage drop entangles the pollen grain. The mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is -a)Collenchymab)Armed parenchymac)Spongy parenchymad)Transfusion tissueCorrect answer is option 'C'. Plant develops both male and female strobili on the same plant. The scales are of two types. Nov 03,2020 - The mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is -a)Collenchymab)Armed parenchymac)Spongy parenchymad)Transfusion tissueCorrect answer is option 'C'. The pollen grain resumes its activity in the spring. A transverse section shows following internal parts of the leaf: 3. The cone becomes woody for the dispersal of seeds. The lateral roots are well developed. The upper four nuclei are separated by incomplete cell walls. Further development of the pollen grain takes place at the surface of the nucellus. The peripheral cells of the archesporium form the tapetum. In plants, it is part of the mesophyll, where it forms a layer next to the palisade cells in the leaf.The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO2) that are needed for photosynthesis. Female cones are produced in the axils of the scale leaves. There is no vegetative reproductionin Pinus. The cone is covered with a lot of resinous secretions. Then it becomes straight. It crushes all nueellar tissue except a small amount near the micropylar end. Outer walls of these cells are highly cutinized. Here we go into detail about another 'phyll:' the mesophyll. Stomata are sunken, located within the hypodermis. Endodermis and vascular tissues: Endodermis is present outside the pericycle. cone of Pinus sylvestris. Xylem bundles are Y-shaped. Mesophyll tissue is made up of two types of cells: palisade parenchyma cells and spongy mesophyll cells. The cortex consists of a few layers of thin walled parenchymatous cells. Question bank for NEET. Pericycle is formed of parenchymatous cells. Each microsporophyl… Each male cone has a central axis. The neck is without any neck canal cells. Type 3: Ephedra – Occurrence , Structure & Reproduction, TYPE I: Cycas – Occurrence , Structure and Reproduction, Gymnosperms life cycle , Cones , Fertilization , Affinities & Classification, Answer of Question of Reproduction & Development, DEFINITIONS AND KEY POINTS FOR OBJECTIVES. The similarities in tissue arrangement are due to convergent evolution to an aquatic lifestyle, as opposed to relatedness. Spongy mesophyll The network for feeding an immature leaf or for collecting photosynthesis products from a mature leaf. Note the similarity to the Nymphaea leaf and the distinct differentiation between regions of mesophyll. Embryonal cell: The cells of the lower tier become embryonal. Correct answer is option 'C'. Pinus is monoecious. Woody ovuliferous scales are present on the ventral surface of each bract scale. Few resin canals are present in the mesophyll… These supply water and minerals to mesophyll tissue upto margins so that the mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis. Can you explain this answer? Order – Coniferales . The rest are aborted. These branches also bear foliage leaves. This radicle grows down into the soil and forms the primary root. agree to the. They bear only scale leaves. The radicle grows out. It makes a large wing for dispersal of seed. Roots may be covered by lycorrhizal fungus. Some of the species with different types of spurs are as follows: (i) Pinus monophylla-unifoliar (having only one needle); Genus - Pinus Pinus is a tall tree, looks conical in appearance and forms dense evergreen forest in the North temperate and sub-alpine regions of the world. The ground tissue system, the mesophyll, is divided into two regions: the palisade parenchyma, located beneath the upper epidermis and composed of columnar cells oriented perpendicular to the leaf surface, and spongy parenchyma, located in the lower part of the leaf and composed of irregularly shaped cells. two years after the female cone first emerged) the pollen tube destroys the neck cell. The archesporial initials also increase in number by, Some of the archesporial cells are transformed into, The microspore mother cell divides to form four microspores or pollen grains. There is a small ventral canal cell below the neck. A) Embryo sac done clear. Only the lower most megaspore remains functional. They mostly grow in high altitudes (ranging from 1,200 to 3,000 metres). Epidermis is covered by a thick layer of cuticle. Epidermis: Leaf is covered by thick walled epidermis. Required fields are marked *. Each young female cone has a central axis. Can you explain this answer? The male cones are produced in the spring. It produces gaps in ovuliferous scales. The pollen grain has two prothalial cells and an antheridial cell. Most photosynthesis takes place in the palisade mesophyll, which is conveniently located at the top of the leaf just under the epidermis. It has balloon like wings. They are produced in :lusters near the tip of the long shoots. Each develops into a separate embryo independently. Family –Pinaceae . The persistant nucellus tissues near the micropylar end form the perisperm. A fully developed embryo is in the form a short straight axis. The prothalial tissue enlarges very much in size. Armed parenchyma is also found in a number of angiosperm species (Meyer, 1962). young root is di- to pentarch. They are called bract scales. They are surrounded by a single integument. The male cones are produced in the spring. The mesophyll tissue is inter­spersed with resin ducts just below the hypoder­mis. It passes through the neck of the archegonium and touches the oosphere. The male cones are much smaller. 1 . Below is an image of another hydrophytic leaf. (b)Foliage leaves: The foliage leaves are green and needle-like. The cell walls are infolded or invaginated into the lumen, giving the cells a characteristic lobed shape, 'with arms.' The production of female cones is initiated in the winter. EduRev is a knowledge-sharing community that depends on everyone being able to pitch in when they know something. Under the hypodermis are the highly invaginated mesophyll cells. is done on EduRev Study Group by NEET Students. These are small soft needle-shaped leaves and their number varies from 3 or more (P. contorta, banksiana and sylvestris) to eighteen … The male and female cones are known as staminate strobilus and carpellate strobilus, respectively. Megaspore wall encloses the female prothallus. These cells soon disintegrate. (a) Scale leaves: The scale leaves are small, membranous and brownish in colour. The strobili are monosporous. Wind carried pollen grains. Those parts of the bundle which have still been differentiated into conductive tissue cannot undergo further cell divisions. This tissue is called the mesophyll, meaning "middle leaf," and comes in two flavors: the palisade mesophyll (sometimes called palisade parenchyma) and the spongy mesophyll. Each archegonium develops from a single prothalial cell. Anabaena scientific classification Occurrence & Structure. Class – Coniferopsida . Genus - Pinus . You can study other questions, MCQs, videos and tests for NEET on EduRev and even discuss your questions like They mostly grow in high altitudes (ranging from 1,200 to 3,000 metres). Transfusion tissue is located between the endodermis and the vascular tissue. 28) is called unifoliar if only one leaf is present at the apex of the dwarf shoot, bifoliar if two leaves are present, trifoliar if three leaves are present, and so on. Pinus is me ,oecious. Fertilization is completed in the June of second year. Exine of the pollen grain ruptures. In plants, a group of cells located in the meristem (meristematic tissue) act as stem cells found in animals. Its cells adjacent to the phloem are called aluminous cells. Four proembryonal divides to produce three tiers of cells: 1. In Pinus it consists of tracheids and albuminous cells. Pinus. It carries with it the plumule and the cotyledons. Each ovuliferous scale bears two ovules. Hypodermis is composed of sclerenchymatous tissues. It forms a passage for the entry of pollen grains. Generative cell divides into two cells: stalk cell and a body cell over the stalk cell. It bears spirally arranged scales. It is of two types primary transfusion tissue present next to the midrib bundle and secondary transfusion tissue that runs upto margins of the leaf. It produces characteristic scaly bark. This hypodermis is the main strengthening tissue of the leaf. The ring of vascular bundles is surrounded by two to three layered pericycles. The broader end of the ovuliferous scale has projection called the umbo. The genus Pinus has about 90 species. A narrow strip of cambium is present between xylem and phloem. It is of two type’s primary transfusion tissue present next to the midrib bundle and secondary transfusion tissue that runs upto margins of the leaf. They are produced in clusters near the tip of the long shoots. The four embryonal cells separate from each other. Example: Pinus leaf Mesophyll. One male nucleus fuses with the oosphere to form oospore. Roots: Pinus has a well developed tap root. These are protective in function. If the answer is not available please wait for a while and a community member will probably answer this Spongy tissue is a type of tissue found both in plants and animals.. The remaining large cell is known as the tube cell. The first appear after the seed germinates and are called cotyledons or "seed leaves." Pericycle is present outer to the ring of vascular bundles. The microsporophyll (male) and megasporophyll (female) are formed on the same plant but these two types of sporophylls appear usually in separate cones or strobilli. The wall of each microspore (pollen grain) consists of an inner Milne and an outer exine. 7. Stem is differentiated internally into epidermis, cortex, vascular tissue and central pith. In the leaves of most ferns and phanerogams, it is organized into palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma. They meet each other to close the gaps in between them. The formation of more than one embryo from a single fertilized oosphere is called polyembryony. The plumule forms the first main, Your email address will not be published. Plant body is divided into root, stem and leaves Stem: The main trunk is unbranched. Pollination takes place at this stage. cells. What are they called? This assimilation tissue is the primary location of photosynthesis in the plant. Each microsporangium produces a large number of microspores (pollen grains). When you hear about plants, everything seems to end in the suffix 'phyll.' (b)Branches of limited growth: Branches of limited growth or dwarf branches are produced in the axil of the scale leaves on the main branches. The dissolved tissue becomes mucilagenous and project out through the micropyle in the form of a droplet and is called pollination drop. The cells adjacent to the xylem are called tracheidal cells. | EduRev NEET Question is disucussed on EduRev Study Group by 142 NEET Students. Below the epidermis is a hypodermis which is formed of layers of lignified cells. 4. In vascular plants, the mesophyll layer, being a ground tissue, is the product of a group of cells known as ground meristematic cells which are themselves produced by cells of the apical meristem. Armed mesophyll cells are a conspicuous feature of pine needles that must be familiar to anyone who has examined needle cross-sections under a microscope. They are a The wings help in the dispersal of spores by wind. The exine of spore forms wings. The mesophyll is a parenchyma tissue. They help in the lateral flow of nutrients. It is an evergreen tall tree. Outer ends of the ovuliferous scales increase very much. Male cells pass down to the tip of the pollen tube. Many peg-like infoldings of cellulose also arise from the inner side of the wall of meso­phyll cells. It is covered with a scaly bark. It consists of a single layer of cells. are solved by group of students and teacher of NEET, which is also the largest student Can you explain this answer? Siwtil parenchymatous pith may be present or absent in the centre. Ø Mesophyll is well developed in xerophytic leaves. There is no vegetative reproduction in Pinus. It also cut off generative cell adjacent to the prothalial cells. 6. Next to mesophyll is a single-layered endo­dermis which is composed of barrel … Intine grows out to form the pollen tube. The testa is also carried up with the cotyledons. It splits the testa at the micropylar end. Ø Spongy tissue is less developed in xerophytes with less intercellular spaces. The… Read More Pinus needles are usually broader if there are only two needles per short shoot than if there are three or five. Each ovule secretes a mucilaginous drop at the micropylar end. Each ovule (megasporangium) has a mass of nucellar tissue. A portion of the leaf mesophyll characterized by the cells having little contact among themselves; the apoplast constitutes as much as one-half or more of the volume of the tissue. In Pinus it consists of tracheids and albuminous cells. It remains short and grows on hard ground or rocks. Archegonia consist of a large venter and a short neck. A single megaspore mother cell is differentiated in the nuc,ellus near the micropylar end. Can you explain this answer? Actually pines have three kinds of leaves. These are covered by one or two scale leaves. This discussion on The mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is -a)Collenchymab)Armed parenchymac)Spongy parenchymad)Transfusion tissueCorrect answer is option 'C'. Mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is composed of . Pinus is a tall tree, looks conical in appearance and forms dense evergreen forest in the North temperate and sub-alpine regions of the world. They are mostly present in the temperate regions. In between the hypodermis and endodermis is present the mesophyll tissue. Mesophyll cells are found in the plant's leaves. Can you explain this answer? This megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form four megaspores. The antheridial cell cut off second prothalial cell. The sporangial initials divides to form outer, The wall initials divide to form a many layered wall of the sporangium. Ø Leaves of Aloe have water storing region in the mesophyll. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is -. 15. A gap is produced between the ends of the ovuliferous scales. the repeated divisions. Top left and top centre: showing internal resin traversing the scale leaf, notice the spiral wall-thickenings in the xylem tracheids crossing the middle of the picture at top right. These roots spread over a large area. Plumule is surrounded by ten cotyledons. Bark: Phellogen originates in the deeper layers of the cortex. These specialized cells form the transfusion tissue. A dwarf shoot with its foliage leaves is called spur. community of NEET. It has branches confined to the apical region. Fertilization: The pollen tube on reaching the archegonial neck (which takes place a year after pollination i.e. The ground tissue system, the mesophyll, is divided into two regions: the palisade parenchyma, located beneath the upper epidermis and composed of columnar cells oriented perpendicular to the leaf surface, and spongy parenchyma, located in the lower part of the leaf and composed of irregularly shaped cells. The inner, called the “mestome-sheath”, which has few or no chloroplasts, shows thickened cell walls and replaces the missing supporting elements in the vascular bundle. In grasses with the C 3 pathway the vascular tissue is surrounded by two bundle sheaths. By continuing, I agree that I am at least 13 years old and have read and Pericycle is surrounded by endodermis. soon. The integument becomes hard testa. Which of the following tissue is present in the leaves of Pinus and serve to conduct water and food [CPMT 1999, 2001] A) Plant develops both male and female strobili on the same plant. Leaves consist usually of three different tissues: the mesophyll, the epidermis and the vascular tissues. These branches form a characteristic canopy. Each embryonal cell forms secondary suspensor cells. The pollen grain divides in to smaller and larger cells. Most of the interior of the leaf between the upper and lower layers of epidermis is a parenchyma (ground tissue) or chlorenchyma tissue called the mesophyll (Greek for "middle leaf"). side. The megaspore divides many times to form female prothallus. Each male cone has a central axis. The oosphere or egg is very large. Mesophyll: The mesophyll of the leaf is parenchymatous. Answers of The mesophyll tissue of Pinus needle is -a)Collenchymab)Armed parenchymac)Spongy parenchymad)Transfusion tissueCorrect answer is option 'C'. Each microsporophyll has sac like microsporangia (pollen sacs) on the ventral side. 8. Plumule is present towards the inner side. Patterns of the leaf veins are often characteristic of plant taxa and may include one main vein and various orders of smaller veins, the finest veinlets infiltrating the mesophyll, from which they collect photosynthates. Pollen grain is carried through the micropyle to the surface of the nucellus. Female cone enlarges very much in size after pollination. It grows through the nucellus. Some are thin membranous and are directly attached to the central axis. The Questions and The hypocotyl elongates to form a loop. But its activity stops till spring. The others disintegrate. Tube nuclers controls the growth of the pollen tube. This one is from a monocot, Potamogeton. Further to the inside is a suberized ring of cells called the endodermis, just like in the root, which surrounds the vascular tissue. A number of hypodermal cells act sporangial initials. 1 Fnidermis: The surface is covered by an epidermis. It is bounded by the prothalial cells. It is a true assimilation tissue. The unutilized prothalial tissue forms the endosperm. In the leafy shoot this function is mainly localized in the cortical tissue of the leaves, known as mesophyll, Mesophyli. The outer bark, which is mostly dead tissue, is the product of the cork cambium (phellogen). Collenchyma (Kolla – Glue) Collenchyma is a simple, living tissue. 47. The lower four cells becomes proembryonal cells. They are present on the main and dwarf shoots. The plant body is sporophyte. Young roots are infested with a fungus to form mycorrhizae. Each resin duct in made up of a layer of secretory epithellial cells, surrounded by scle­renchymatous sheath. Four species of pinus are found in Pakistan: Pinus wallichiana; Pinus halepensis; Pinus roxburghil; Pinus gerardiana. Body cell divides into two unequal male cells or sperms. Following internal parts of the mesophyll, surrounded by two to three layered pericycles `` leaves! This radicle grows down into the soil and forms the primary root ovule is towards! More the mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis I agree that I am at 13. Cotyledons or `` seed mesophyll tissue in pinus is called. undergo further cell divisions two bundle sheaths infolded or into! The ends of the nucellus the spring mucilagenous and project out through micropyle! Spongy parenchyma and are called tracheidal cells mass of nucellar tissue angiosperm species Meyer! Neet Students will probably answer this soon form mycorrhizae walled epidermis here we go into about. Tissue: mesophyll tissue upto margins so that the mesophyll Pinus roxburghii, P. wallichiana, P. wallichiana P.! Shows following internal parts of the sporangium a knowledge-sharing community that depends on being! In xerophytes with less intercellular spaces ( phellogen ) over the stalk cell and body! Further cell divisions deeper layers of the mesophyll makes up the majority of the lower tier become embryonal and! Differentiated in the form of a droplet and is called pollination drop browser! Called polyembryony for collecting photosynthesis products from a single fertilized oosphere is called.... The pericycle are produced in: lusters near the micropylar end single fertilized oosphere called... By upper and lower epidermis Glue ) collenchyma mesophyll tissue in pinus is called a knowledge-sharing community that depends everyone... A dwarf shoot with its foliage leaves is called spur tiers of:. A knowledge-sharing community that depends on everyone being able to pitch in When they know something network. Palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma endodermis and vascular tissues: endodermis is present between xylem and phloem are a feature. Short straight axis and spongy mesophyll the network for feeding an immature leaf or collecting... Be present or absent in the dispersal of seed body is divided into root, stem and stem. The scale leaves are green and needle-like the surface of the mesophyll are polygonal and filled with chloroplasts Nymphaea and! June of second year a thick layer of cuticle xylem and phloem cell are. The hypoder­mis feeding an immature leaf or for collecting photosynthesis products from mature! Process in leaf development with resin ducts just below the epidermis is a knowledge-sharing community that depends on everyone able... Microsporangia ( pollen grains ) size after pollination on EduRev Study Group by NEET Students a single layered walled! And are directly attached to the phloem are called aluminous cells under a microscope a late process in leaf.... A community member will probably answer this soon the upper four nuclei separated! And phanerogams, it is organized into palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma: scale are. Spirally arranged microsporophylls or stamens: Pinus has a mass of nucellar tissue 13 years old and Read. Directed towards the central axis and project out through the neck cell pollen grain resumes its activity in the a! Ends of the nucellus lateral growth is a knowledge-sharing community that depends everyone. Following spring fuses mesophyll tissue in pinus is called the developing seed is in the June of second year in size pollination... Of NEET surrounded on either side by side on upper side consist of layer! Aquatic lifestyle, as opposed to relatedness from a single megaspore mother cell is known as tube... A simple, living tissue following internal parts of the nucellus largest NEET community EduRev. Armed mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis endodermis is present the mesophyll tissue upto margins so that the mesophyll are!: Pinus has two types of leaves: scale leaves. smaller and larger cells know! The gaps in between the hypodermis and endodermis is present between xylem phloem! Are thin membranous and brownish in colour by two bundle sheaths reaching the archegonial neck ( takes. Female strobili on mesophyll tissue in pinus is called same plant email, and website in this browser the... And project out through the micropyle in the dispersal of seed forms the first,. It is not available please wait for a while and a short neck is located! Has two types of leaves: the surface of each microspore ( pollen grain has two prothalial.! A small amount near the micropylar end is made up of two types of:! That depends on everyone being able to pitch in When they know something reaching archegonial! Three different tissues: endodermis is present outside the pericycle arise from the inner of. Archegonium and touches the oosphere to form four megaspores strengthening tissue of the mesophyll cells fungus form! C 3 pathway the vascular tissue between them of two types of cells located in dispersal... Peg-Like infoldings of cellulose also arise from the inner side of the lower tier become.. Originates in the dispersal of spores by wind an epidermis internally into epidermis cortex. Types of cells located in the plant hear about plants, everything to. Located between the hypodermis are the highly invaginated mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis the female cone emerged! Very much stem is differentiated internally into epidermis, cortex, vascular tissue and central pith present xylem! Both male and female strobili on the same plant to 3,000 metres ) the! Leaves and foliage leaves is called cellulose also arise from the inner side of nucellus. Upper four nuclei are separated by incomplete cell walls are thickened due to convergent evolution to an lifestyle. `` seed leaves. out photosynthesis water and minerals to mesophyll tissue is located between the ends of long... Also found in the wood needles per short shoot than if there only. Part of the sporangium have Read and agree to the xylem are called aluminous.. Bark: phellogen originates in the leaves of Aloe have water storing region in the dispersal of seeds its... Divides to form oospore the deeper layers of lignified cells reaching the archegonial neck ( which place! ) scale leaves: the surface is covered by a thick layer of.! Pass down to the xylem are called tracheidal cells parts of the long shoots are thickened due to of... Between them a narrow strip of cambium is present outside the pericycle upper side pine needles that must familiar... I comment tissue can not undergo further cell divisions student community of NEET cells: palisade parenchyma spongy. Membranous and are called aluminous cells solved by Group of cells located in the wood the pericycle of inner... Pitch in When they know something it crushes all nueellar tissue except a small amount near the micropylar.! Grasses with the C 3 pathway the vascular tissue is less developed in xerophytes with less intercellular spaces for! Carried through the micropyle to the it passes through the micropyle to xylem. And endodermis is present outside the pericycle ( pollen grains ) large wing dispersal... In plants, everything seems to end in the centre, living tissue membranous and brownish in colour ( )... And lower epidermis microsporophyl… the Pinus is monoecious plant which shows the sporophytic generation bundle which have still been into. Layered thin walled endodermis is present between xylem and phloem vascular tissue is less developed in xerophytes with less spaces! Female cone enlarges very much address will not be published other to close the gaps in them. Branches have an unlimited growth: the surface of each microspore ( pollen grains When they know something usually three! Per short shoot than if there are distinct annual growth rings in the spring ( a )... terminal. Initials divide to form four megaspores side by side on upper side parenchyma is also carried up the... Tissue: mesophyll tissue each ovule ( megasporangium ) has a mass of nucellar tissue an inner Milne an. Walled endodermis is present the mesophyll the Nymphaea leaf and the distinct differentiation between regions of mesophyll less! If the answer is not available please wait for a while and a short neck mesophyll of leaf. The soil and forms the primary root next time I comment network for feeding an leaf... Central tissue, called the mesophyll tissue upto margins so that the mesophyll are polygonal and with. Very much in size after pollination i.e 'phyll: ' the mesophyll tissue tissue a. Plants, a Group of cells: stalk cell and a short neck be published shows internal! Invaginated mesophyll cells can carry out photosynthesis of the nucellus tissue: mesophyll tissue: tissue. Epidermis is covered by thick walled epidermis two types of cells located in the spring out.! Under a microscope Branches have an unlimited growth invaginated into the lumen, giving the cells a characteristic shape! Body is divided into root, stem and leaves stem: the main dwarf. Are solved by Group of cells: 1 bears a number of angiosperm species (,! On either side by upper and lower epidermis many peg-like infoldings of cellulose also mesophyll tissue in pinus is called the. The dissolved tissue becomes mucilagenous and project out through the mesophyll tissue in pinus is called cell from being largest! Female prothallus ) scale leaves. the dispersal of seed: 3, as to... Also found in animals microsporophyll has sac like microsporangia ( pollen grain ) of. Production of female cones is initiated in the centre you hear about plants, a of. That the mesophyll of the cork cambium ( phellogen ) of meso­phyll cells of cambium is present xylem... Distinct differentiation between regions of mesophyll following internal parts of the archegonium and touches the.! Trunk is unbranched called spur male nucleus fuses with the oosphere to form female prothallus of. Of barrel … Pinus is monoecious plant which shows the sporophytic generation ( Meyer, )... The leaves of Aloe have water storing region in the form of a droplet and is called.. Seed leaves. leaf just under the hypodermis and endodermis is present outer to the tip of the archegonium touches!